Can I use a Europe eSIM and my physical SIM at the same time on iPhone?

Yes. Recent iPhones support Dual SIM with eSIM, which lets you keep your physical SIM (usually your home number) active for calls and SMS while using your Europe eSIM for mobile data. In Settings > Mobile Data, you can choose which line handles data, and which is the default for voice and messages. For most travelers, the best setup is to keep the home SIM for calls/SMS, set the Europe eSIM as the data line, and disable mobile data on the home SIM to avoid roaming charges.